Sudan Weather in March

Overview of March Weather in Sudan

March in Sudan is part of the dry season, characterized by extremely hot temperatures and minimal precipitation. The country is primarily arid, and March sees consistent weather patterns with little variation. With much of Sudan being located in the Sahara Desert, temperatures can soar during the day, particularly in the northern and central regions. However, the heat starts to become more bearable in the higher elevations of the south and the eastern mountainous regions.

While Sudan experiences little to no rainfall during March, the wind can play a significant role in influencing the weather. The country is generally dry, but windstorms may occasionally bring dust and sand, reducing visibility and causing a significant rise in atmospheric pressure. This dry heat, coupled with the dry air, makes Sudan’s March weather hot and often uncomfortable for travelers who are not accustomed to such extremes.

Average Temperatures in March

The temperatures in Sudan during March are typically very high, especially in the northern desert areas, while the southern regions and higher-altitude areas experience milder conditions. Below is a breakdown of the average high and low temperatures for various cities across Sudan in March:

• Khartoum (Central Sudan): 21°C to 35°C (70°F to 95°F)
• Port Sudan (Red Sea Coast): 25°C to 35°C (77°F to 95°F)
• Dongola (Northern Sudan): 19°C to 39°C (66°F to 102°F)
• Nyala (Southern Sudan): 18°C to 30°C (64°F to 86°F)
• El Fasher (Western Sudan): 18°C to 35°C (64°F to 95°F)
• Juba (Southern Sudan): 22°C to 33°C (72°F to 91°F)

In Khartoum, the capital, temperatures range from lows of 21°C (70°F) at night to highs of 35°C (95°F) during the day. Port Sudan, located on the Red Sea coast, experiences slightly milder conditions in the evenings, with temperatures dipping to 25°C (77°F), but it still reaches highs of 35°C (95°F) during the day. In northern Sudan, such as in Dongola, temperatures are significantly higher, with daytime highs reaching 39°C (102°F) and cooler nights at 19°C (66°F). The southern regions, including Juba, experience relatively more moderate temperatures, making them more tolerable for travelers in March.

Precipitation Levels in March

March is part of the dry season in Sudan, and the country experiences very little rainfall during this time. The dry conditions are particularly prominent in the northern desert areas. The precipitation levels are generally low throughout the country in March, with rain being nearly nonexistent in the north and central regions. In the southern and southeastern regions, there may be occasional light showers, but they are infrequent and unlikely to cause any significant weather disruptions.

• Rainfall: 0mm to 10mm (0 inches to 0.4 inches)
• Snowfall: Snow is extremely rare in Sudan, particularly in March, as the country’s climate is predominantly hot and dry throughout the year.
• Humidity: Humidity is very low throughout Sudan, especially in the northern and desert regions. However, coastal areas like Port Sudan can experience higher humidity levels due to proximity to the Red Sea.

In Khartoum and much of central Sudan, there is little to no rainfall, with occasional light showers unlikely to cause any significant weather changes. Port Sudan may see some very light rainfall during March, but it is generally a dry month. In the southern regions, like Juba and Nyala, there may be sporadic light showers, but the overall precipitation levels are minimal.

Wind Patterns in March

Winds in Sudan during March are typically moderate but can become stronger with the occurrence of dust storms. Winds from the north, particularly from the Sahara Desert, can bring hot, dry conditions, with gusts of dust and sand reducing visibility. These winds can increase atmospheric pressure, contributing to the dry, hot conditions.

• Wind Speeds: 10 to 25 km/h (6 to 15 mph), but wind gusts can sometimes reach higher speeds during dust storms.
• Wind Direction: Winds generally come from the north and northwest, particularly from the desert regions. Coastal areas like Port Sudan experience winds from the Red Sea to the north.
• Wind Strength: Wind speeds are moderate but can become quite strong, particularly in the desert areas and in coastal regions like Port Sudan, where winds can bring humidity from the sea.

Winds in Sudan can cause a significant rise in dust storms, particularly in the northern and central parts of the country. These storms can cause temporary reductions in visibility and may make outdoor activities less comfortable. Coastal regions like Port Sudan experience milder winds but can still see strong gusts coming from the Red Sea.

Atmospheric Pressure in March

In March, atmospheric pressure in Sudan tends to be relatively high, particularly in the northern desert regions where dry, hot conditions dominate. Low-pressure systems are almost non-existent, and high-pressure systems are more common. As a result, the weather is generally stable, with clear skies and little chance of rain.

• Average Pressure: 1015 to 1020 hPa (hectopascals)
• Pressure Fluctuations: Minor fluctuations in atmospheric pressure may occur, but they are generally not significant enough to cause major weather disruptions.
• Weather Implications: The high atmospheric pressure leads to stable, dry, and clear weather conditions in most regions of Sudan, with only occasional disruptions due to sandstorms or dust storms.

The high atmospheric pressure during March contributes to the dry and hot conditions, with very little precipitation or cloud cover. This makes the month of March particularly suitable for those who prefer dry and stable weather.

Historical Weather Data for March

Here is a table summarizing the average temperatures and precipitation levels in major cities of Sudan during March over the past 10 years. This data provides insight into the typical weather patterns of Sudan during this time of year.

From the table, it is evident that temperatures in Sudan remain high during March, with highs generally ranging from 33°C (91°F) to 35°C (95°F). Precipitation levels are consistently low across the country, with rain being almost nonexistent, especially in the central and northern parts of Sudan. Coastal regions like Port Sudan see a slight increase in rainfall, but the amounts remain minimal.

What to Consider When Traveling to Sudan in March

Extreme Heat and Hydration

March is one of the hotter months in Sudan, particularly in the desert and central regions. Temperatures can easily exceed 35°C (95°F) during the day, which can be uncomfortable for those who are not used to the heat. Travelers should take precautions against heat exhaustion by drinking plenty of water and wearing light, breathable clothing. Staying hydrated is essential, especially in areas like Khartoum and Dongola, where the heat can be intense.

Dry Climate and Sun Protection

With the dry climate and strong sun, it’s important to use sun protection, including sunscreen, hats, and sunglasses, when spending time outdoors. The combination of intense sunlight and dry air can lead to dehydration and skin damage, so travelers should take care to protect themselves.

Dust and Sandstorms

Sudan’s wind patterns can lead to occasional dust and sandstorms, particularly in the northern and central desert areas. These storms can reduce visibility and make outdoor activities difficult. If traveling in desert regions, it is advisable to check weather reports for any potential dust storms and take precautions, including wearing protective eyewear, scarves, and face masks to shield against the dust.

Safety Considerations

Due to the political situation in some areas of Sudan, it’s essential to check travel advisories before planning a trip. Certain regions may be subject to instability, so it’s important to avoid traveling to areas marked as high-risk zones by international authorities.

Currency and Communication

The official currency of Sudan is the Sudanese pound (SDG), and it’s advisable to carry cash for daily expenses, especially in remote areas where credit cards may not be accepted. Arabic is the official language of Sudan, and while English is spoken in major cities, learning some basic Arabic phrases can be helpful. Having a local SIM card for communication can also be useful, as it provides better connectivity in remote areas.

Cultural Sensitivity

Sudan is a conservative Muslim country, and it’s important to respect local customs and traditions. Dress modestly, particularly when visiting religious sites or rural areas. Public displays of affection and alcohol consumption are prohibited, so travelers should be mindful of local laws and customs.

Things to Do in Sudan in March

Visit the Pyramids of Meroë

Meroë, located in northeastern Sudan, is home to a fascinating archaeological site featuring ancient Nubian pyramids. In March, the weather is warm but not unbearably hot, making it an excellent time to explore the pyramids and surrounding ancient ruins. The Meroë Pyramids are a UNESCO World Heritage Site and provide a glimpse into Sudan’s ancient history.

Explore Khartoum’s Cultural Heritage

Khartoum, the capital city, offers a variety of cultural attractions, including the National Museum of Sudan, the Sudanese Presidential Palace, and the confluence of the Blue and White Nile rivers. In March, the weather is relatively mild, so it’s a great time to walk around the city and visit these historical landmarks.

Visit the Red Sea Coast and Port Sudan

For those seeking a coastal experience, Port Sudan on the Red Sea offers opportunities for diving, snorkeling, and exploring the vibrant marine life. The weather is warm, but not excessively hot, making it a great time to visit the beaches and explore the underwater world.

Discover the Nubian Desert

The Nubian Desert, located in the northern part of Sudan, offers a unique desert experience. Travelers can explore the barren landscapes, ancient rock art, and desert wildlife. March provides a moderate climate for desert exploration, with cooler mornings and evenings, making it ideal for outdoor activities.

Hiking in the Jebel Marra Mountains

The Jebel Marra Mountains in the Darfur region offer hiking opportunities with stunning views and a cooler climate compared to the lowland areas. In March, the temperature is milder, making it a great time for trekking and exploring the natural beauty of this mountainous region.

Visit the Souks and Markets

For those interested in experiencing Sudanese culture firsthand, a visit to the bustling markets or souks of Khartoum, Port Sudan, or other major cities provides an opportunity to experience local crafts, spices, and traditional foods. March is a great time to explore these vibrant marketplaces and interact with locals.